Keywords: Cardiovascular adaptation, Neuromuscular adaptation, Blood Flow Restriction, Exercise, Fatigue Internship Duration: 07/02/22 - 01/07/22
Head of the hosting team: Michel-Ange Amorim
Website: Click here
Address of the host laboratory: Laboratoire Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS) Team Laboratoire Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS) Laboratoire Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS) 91405 Orsay cedex I France
Supervisor 1: Marie GERNIGONE-mail: marie.gernigon@universite-paris-saclay.fr Phone: 0169158111
Supervisor 2: Nicolas VIGNAISE-mail: nicolas.vignais@universite-paris-saclay.frPhone: 0169154703
Abstract: Blood flow restriction (BFR) is increasingly integrated into training (Gordon et al., 2021). The expected effects are 1/ a vascular remodeling of the vascular 2/ an increase in the muscle cross-sectional area associated with a gain in isometric strength and 1RM (Kim et al., 2016; Fujita et al., 2007). Exercise with BFR creates a hypoxic-like environment and stimulate hypoxia-inducible factor e.g., VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) and nitric oxide (NO) synthase gene expression. Angiogenesis factors promote the release of hepatocyte growth factors as well as the activation of satellite cells in type I and II muscle fibers, via the c-Met receptor (Jesse et al., 2018). However, the observed gains are specific to the training task (Jesse et al., 2018). Nevertheless, in the literature, the tasks used require different physical qualities. In addition, authors report a decrease in maximal voluntary force production (MVF) as well as in power-generating capacity (P) of a muscle or muscle groups may be associated with BFR (Loenneke et al., 2013). To date, the literature supports two hypotheses to justify the decreases in MVF and P. The first hypothesizes that an increase in intramuscular pH induces a loss of sensitivity and a reduction of calcium (Ca2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum which would impair contractile function during strength production (Place et al., 2019). Place et al. (2019) justify the loss of contractile function and strength production by peripheral fatigue. The second hypothesizes that exercise-induced ischemia promotes the increase of hydrogen protons (H+) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) which inhibit the alpha motor neuron and impair the nerve conduction. BRF would also induce central fatigue. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of a strength program associated with BFR on neuromuscular and vascular adaptations. Supervisors: Marie GERNIGON marie.gernigon@universite-paris-saclay.fr Nicolas VIGNAIS nicolas.vignais@universite-paris-saclay.fr François COTTIN francois.cottin@universite-paris-saclay.fr Julien DESANLIS julien.desanlis@universite-paris-saclay.fr
Partial Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) Heart rate variability (HRV) Muscular Near InfraRed Spectrometry (NIRS) Electromygraphy (EMG)
Gordon D., Desanlis J., Gernigon M. (2021). Blood flow restriction training: how Olympians use it to boost performance. The Conversation Kim D., Singh H., Loenneke JP., et al. (2016). Comparative Effects of Vigorous-Intensity and Low-Intensity Blood Flow Restricted Cycle Training and Detraining on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Aerobic Capacity. J Strength Cond Res. 30(5):1453-61. Fujita S., Abe T., Drummond MJ., et al. (2007) Blood flow restriction during low-intensity resistance exercise increases S6K1 phosphorylation and muscle protein synthesis. J Appl Physiol. 103:903–910. Jessee MB.. Mattocks KT. Buckner SL., et al., (2018). Mechanisms of Blood Flow Restriction: The New Testament Technique
